Archive for November, 2008

Hypnosis and artist Matt Mullican

November 30, 2008

atia_mullican_085_lg

New York based artist, Matt Mullican has used hypnosis since the 1970s to create drawings and give performances. He currently has an exhibition at The Drawing Center in SoHo that will be up through 2/5/09. There is an informative article about Mullican in the New York Times: Mapping an Imagined Order, Page by Page (11/14/08).

I found a transcript from an interview Mullican gave for Tate online. He describes how he works with a hypnotist before a performance:

Today I am meeting with the hypnotist of Assente and will be working this afternoon and this evening and he’ll put me into a…first he’ll relax me which is pretty standard yoga, like where you just go and you concentrate and you’ll just go into a pretty deep relaxation. And then he’ll put me in a trance state, and then in the trance state he might ask me ‘what do you want to do?’, ‘so what’s up?’, ‘what are you interested in?’, ‘what do you want to do today, what’s different from last time?’

And then we’ll have a conversation and he will take notes as to what I want to do and then this evening he will bring those notes back and we’ll have a discussion again and then it will be… like there will be an idea.

And then the audience will arrive….

Here’s a description of the above photo found on Tang, the site of the Francis Young Tang Teaching Museum and Art Gallery at Skidmore College:

Working under hypnosis, Matt Mullican created this large drawing in the Tang Museum on February 6, 2006. It continues an investigation of what the artist refers to as “that person’s work”—aspects of his own creative psyche and impulses that emerge only under hypnosis. For the Tang session, which lasted approximately an hour and a quarter, Mullican underwent hypnosis with the assistance of a local psychiatrist experienced in hypnotherapy.

Animal hypnosis?

November 21, 2008

spikewatch

When he shrieks hysterically for attention, there is no reasoning with our cockatiel, Spike. He doesn’t understand us when we explain that it’s not safe for him to be in the kitchen when there’s boiling water on the stove, and he doesn’t know what it means to “hold on” when we’re in the middle of typing an email, and he’s in the mood for a head scratch or a beak massage. And he has no idea how rude it is to screech in the background when someone is interviewing for a job over the phone. When Spike wants something, we have two choices—give into his demands, or put him in a trance state, i.e. roll his cage into the bathroom which is pitch dark when the light’s off.

“Why don’t you just hypnotize him?” A friend suggested when Spike insisted on joining us at the dinner table for his favorite meal—pesto.

The truth is that animals cannot be hypnotized—not like people. For a person to be hypnotized, he or she must be a willing, consenting participant and have an IQ of 70 or more. Being hypnotized takes desire and concentration.

What many people refer to as animal hypnosis is more accurately described as tonic immobility or the immobility reflex. Darwin described it as the death feint. Certain animals, as shown in the video below, will instinctually feign death so that a predator will lose interest or loosen its grip, therefore giving the prey a chance to escape. People have learned how to induce a state of tonic immobility in animals by simulating a threatening gesture. Scaring an animal into feigning death is hardly hypnosis as it applies to humans.

For an interesting study on an animal’s experience of tonic immobility, see Trancing rabbits: Relaxed hypnosis or a state of fear?

The Greek god of sleep

November 18, 2008

hypnos-british-museum

Hypnosis comes from Hypnos, the Greek god of sleep. According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the word hypnotism was coined in 1843 by Dr. James Braid—an early pioneer in the field. Hypnosis became an alternative word in 1876.

Contrary to popular belief, one should not be asleep while in hypnosis. The eyes are often closed, and the experience is deeply relaxing, but, as my teacher, Debi Livingston points out, when a client falls asleep, it’s one expensive nap! For hypnosis to work, the client must be an active participant, letting all distractions fall away in order to concentrate on the desire for change and the suggestions that will get him or her there.

Hypnos’ son, Morpheus, god of dreams might have been a better choice for the patron god of this craft. There are some hypnotic techniques that produce experiences that feel like dreaming. Nonetheless, I’ll always have affection for ‘ole Hypnos—Somnus is his Roman name. Somnambulism—to sleep walk—is derived from Somnus. In the field of hypnosis, somnambulism is used to refer to a deep stage of trance.

In Ovid’s Metamorphoses, there is a gorgeous passage where we can see the god Hypnos in his House of Sleep. In the story leading up to this passage, Alcyone’s loving husband, Ceyx has gone off to sea and has drowned. The queen of the gods, Juno, can’t bear to watch Alcyone praying for her husband’s safety when he has already died, and she sends the messenger goddess, Iris, to ask Hypnos “to send Alcyone a dream-figure in the shape of her dead Ceyx, to tell her his true fate.” He complies by sending his son, Morpheus to handle the task.

Below is the passage, translated by Anthony S. Kline. The University of Virginia Library generously offers the complete Metapmorphoses online and allows free reproduction for non-commercial use.

Book XI: 573-649, The House of Sleep

There is a deeply cut cave, a hollow mountain, near the Cimmerian country, the house and sanctuary of drowsy Sleep. Phoebus can never reach it with his dawn, mid-day or sunset rays. Clouds mixed with fog, and shadows of the half-light, are exhaled from the ground. No waking cockerel summons Aurora with his crowing: no dog disturbs the silence with its anxious barking, or goose, cackling, more alert than a dog. No beasts, or cattle, or branches in the breeze, no clamour of human tongues. There still silence dwells. But out of the stony depths flows Lethe’s stream, whose waves, sliding over the loose pebbles, with their murmur, induce drowsiness. In front of the cave mouth a wealth of poppies flourish, and innumerable herbs, from whose juices dew-wet Night gathers sleep, and scatters it over the darkened earth. There are no doors in the palace, lest a turning hinge lets out a creak, and no guard at the threshold. But in the cave’s centre there is a tall bed made of ebony, downy, black-hued, spread with a dark-grey sheet, where the god himself lies, his limbs relaxed in slumber. Around him, here and there, lie uncertain dreams, taking different forms, as many as the ears of corn at harvest, as the trees bear leaves, or grains of sand are thrown onshore.

When the nymph entered and, with her hands, brushed aside the dreams in her way, the sacred place shone with the light of her robes. The god, hardly able to lift his eyes heavy with sleep, again and again, falling back, striking his nodding chin on his chest, at last shook himself free of his own influence, and resting on an elbow asked her (for he knew her) why she had come….

New York Times article on hypnosis: 11/3/08

November 15, 2008

newspaper

On November 3, 2008, Jane E. Brody published an article on hypnosis in The New York Times: “The Possibilities in Hypnosis, Where the Patient Has the Power.” Here’s an excerpt:

“In effect, hypnosis is the epitome of mind-body medicine. It can enable the mind to tell the body how to react, and modify the messages that the body sends to the mind. It has been used to counter the nausea of pregnancy and chemotherapy; dental and test-taking anxiety; pain associated with surgery, root canal treatment and childbirth; fear of flying and public speaking; compulsive hair-pulling; and intractable hiccups, among many other troublesome health problems.”

Hypnosis in the movie Office Space

November 15, 2008

A client very thoughtfully emailed me this video from the movie Office Space. He admitted that before our session, this was all he had known about hypnosis. I told him he was brave.

I always assure my clients that they cannot get stuck in a trance state. If I were to leave the room in the middle of a session and not come back, they would naturally emerge from the trance state and wonder what happened to me. If I were to collapse they would realize what was happening and pop out of the chair and call 911.

The creator of Dilbert writes about hypnosis

November 15, 2008

Scott Adams Blog

On 7/7/2007, Scott Adams wrote in his blog:

“When I was a kid, my family doctor was a hypnotist. He hypnotized my mom before she gave birth to my little sister. Mom reports that she felt no discomfort during the birth, despite being awake and having no drugs. That story had a big impact on me.

When I was in my early twenties, I enrolled in the Pierre Clement School of Hypnosis in San Francisco. I thought I could earn some extra money hypnotizing people. And I figured maybe it could help with dating. I wasn’t getting too far on my charm alone….” Read the rest of his article here.

To visit the home of Scott Adams’ latest blog entries, click here.

Hypnosis for Writers—workshop overview

November 15, 2008

Hypno Writers logo

This past summer I began leading a monthly drop-in hypnosis workshop for writers. What an exciting experience it has been. Ten writers made reservations for the second session, which was all my office could accommodate, and I had to turn folks away at the door.  I have since formed two groups: a core group of six that have committed to meet each month and a drop-in group for busy writers to come when they can.

Why I started the group

Over the years I have written poetry and fiction and have taught writing and literature courses at the college and high school levels. As a hypnotherapist, it made sense to reach out to other writers. I have always been amazed by how creative the imagination is in dreams—how effortlessly we create vivid characters, narratives, and settings while we sleep. I thought it would be exciting to guide writers into their subconscious to tap into that wellspring of material.

The goal

The goal of the workshop is for participants (both experienced writers and beginners) to produce many pages of uncensored writing during the two hours that we meet. It has been amazing to watch those pens fly across the page!

Workshop structure

Each workshop is two hours. We often start with a short warm-up writing exercise—sometimes collaborative—and writers share what they produce. This breaks the ice and gives everyone a chance to get to connect a bit before the group goes into trance and everyone is in his or her own world.

Next, in the drop-in group, I explain how hypnosis works and dispel common myths about it. I also give an overview of how I will guide the group into a trance state. Hypnotherapists call this the “pre-talk,” which is an essential part of a hypnotherapy session. Without the pre-talk, workshop participants might either be too nervous to get into the relaxed trance state or they may have misconceptions about hypnosis and not even realize when they are entering the trance state because it is so different from what they had expected.

I then give suggestions and guided imagery to allow participants to release any blocks that could get in the way of writing and creativity. From there I guide them into creating an inner Writing Room of One’s Own, a place they can revisit any time they want to connect with the Muse or their inner writer. Once they have envisioned or imagined their inner writing room, I lead them into an in-trance writing exercise.

I leave ten to fifteen minutes at the end of the workshop for writers to talk about their trance experience and the focus of their writing. I must admit, this is my favorite part. Through most of the session, I’m sitting silently alone, watching the clock and reviewing my notes as each member of the group is off in his or her own reverie. Sometimes I even feel envious as I watch them frantically record their experience on paper.

For more details

This workshop series has been a fascinating work-in-progress, and I am looking forward to sharing more about it. In upcoming weeks, I plan to post a detailed entry for each workshop session and will include some exercises and materials. For more details, please visit the Hypnosis for Writers Workshop page on my website.

I have also created a “Hypnosis for Writers” category for more posts on this topic.

Essential hypnosis books

November 15, 2008

Hypnosis and Hypnotherapy

Hypnosis and Hypnotherapy: Basic to Advanced Techniques for the Professional by Calvin D. Banyan & Gerald Kein (2001)

I am certified by the National Guild of Hypnotists and have found this book by Banyan and Kein, both NGH instructors, to be a terrific review of the fundamentals of my certification training program. I highly recommend this for professionals, especially for NGH graduates. Those who are considering a career as a hypnotherapist might also find this interesting.

Hypnotherapy

Hypnotherapy by Dave Elman (1964)

When Dave Elman was just eight years old, his father, a student of hypnosis, was dying of cancer. He was in a great deal of pain and Elman was not allowed to go in his room. One day, a well-known stage hypnotist, an acquaintance of Elman’s father, came to the house. When he left, Elman was free from pain, and he was able to spend the last days of his life playing with his son.

Elman later became a hypnotist and focused his career on training thousands of doctors and dentists to use hypnosis with their patients. This book includes his discoveries and techniques. It’s a classic textbook and highly readable. I couldn’t put it down! A great read for professionals and those who are interested in learning about hypnosis.


Handbook of Hypnotic Suggestions and Metaphors

Handbook of Hypnotic Suggestions and Metaphors by D. Corydon Hammond (1990)

This book is a treasure for professionals. It is 602 pages and includes techniques and scripts for all areas of hypnosis: pain management, preparation for surgery, medical conditions, dental disorders, self-esteem and confidence, fears, emotional disorders, sexual dysfunction and relationship problems, weight control, smoking, addictions, and habits, concentration, academic performance, athletic performance, artistic expression, working with children, and age regression. I’ve got a copy at home and one at the office. I refer to it all the time to get ideas for working with clients.


Hypnosis for Inner Conflict Resolution

Hypnosis for Inner Conflict Resolution: Introducing Parts Therapy by Roy Hunter (2005)

After watching Calvin Banyan’s vidcast interview of Roy Hunter, I became very excited about parts therapy and immediately ordered Hunter’s book, Hypnosis for Inner Conflict Resolution. Hunter recommended Gordon Emmerson’s Ego State Therapy (see below), so I got that as well. These books are nicely written and practical. Since reading them, I have used parts therapy with success and find that clients typically walk away from these sessions with greater self-awareness and insight.

In parts therapy, the hypnotherapist takes on the role of a mediator and facilitates communication and resolution between the motivating part of the client’s subconscious—the part that desires change, and the conflicting part—the part that resists change.

Ego State Therapy

Ego State Therapy by Gordon Emmerson, Ph.D. (2003)

This book is similar to Hunter’s book, above, but there are some differences in their approaches. I recommend getting one or the other to start with. If you are a practitioner who will be using parts therapy, you might find it useful to have both.



Hypnosis for Change

Hypnosis for Change by Josie Hadley (1996)

This is a wonderful book for anyone interested in doing self-hypnosis for weight control, nonsmoking, stress reduction, phobias, natural childbirth, health problems, pain control, self-esteem and motivation,improving learning, enhancing creativity, sleep, anxiety and panic, healing adult survivors of child abuse, loss and separation, surgery, and depression.

Each issue has its own chapter, which includes a discussion, questions for reflection, and a script that can be personally tailored and read into an audio recorder. This book is designed for a general audience, but professionals will get ideas for working with their clients.

Guided Imagery for Self-Healing

Guided Imagery for Self-Healing: An Essential Resource for Anyone Seeking Wellness by Martin L. Rossman, M.D.  (2000)

Both Guided Imagery and Staying Well with Guided Imagery (below) are wonderful resources for anyone interested in learning to use the imagination to heal themselves physically or emotionally. These books are designed for a general audience and include discussions about how imagery works and scripts that can be read into an audio recorder. Professionals will get ideas for working with their clients.



My first experience with hypnosis

November 14, 2008

It was a cold evening in the Santa Cruz mountains—a damp cold that called for thermals, a wool turtleneck and a parka. I had on a thin pair of jeans and a sweatshirt. There had been a heatwave on the Peninsula, and I had packed the sweatshirt as a precaution. I couldn’t wait to get into my sleeping bag.

I was a junior in high school on a leadership retreat, and one of the chaperones was a hypnotherapist—whatever that was. While the adults were preparing our dinner, she had us teeth-chattering teens lie down on foam mats under the enormous pine trees. She then led us in what she called a guided visualization. I remember a warm beach coming alive in my mind’s eye. I could see myself walking next to the shore in a white gauzy peasant dress. I could feel the sun on my skin and hear the waves. And then there was my younger self—just s a few years old, coming toward me. I hugged the child, took her hand, and we walked along the water, the wet sand under our feet. I felt such peace—the peace that comes with an easy, carefree confidence.

When I emerged from that experience I began to cry—it had been so beautiful. To my amazement, I then realized that I was no longer cold. I was completely comfortable.

The images from the experience stayed with me over the years. I thought of it as my “white dress fantasy,” a phrase which I repeated like a mantra whenever I was in intense physical pain. This would help me easily return to the comforting images of that beach and that white dress.

I hadn’t realized that I had been in a trance state until I began my hypnotherapy certification program and learned that guided visualization is one form of hypnosis. I also learned that being in a state of hypnosis raises body temperature, which may explain why I had emerged from the experience feeling so warm. I wonder now if the facilitator might have also thrown in some suggestions to help in that regard.

I have had some remarkable, life-changing experiences with hypnosis, but that first that first time will always remain most profound.


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